Cloud Music No. 4

Michael Gogins
October 2022

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

This is an online piece of electroacoustic music, rendered in your Web browser using high-resolution audio. It will play indefinitely, never ending, always changing.

This piece is generated as a sort of musical dynamical system operating in chord space. Generated notes are sent to Csound for rendering in real time. The synthesized audio is then sampled (using a WebAudio Analyzer) to generate a sine-wave visualization of the music, using code adapted from Sound Sinus Wave by Eitraz.

The notes are played by a Csound orchestra that is embedded in this Web page using my WebAssembly build of Csound. This in turn includes my CsoundAC library for algorithmic composition.

Feel free to use this piece as a template for creating new pieces of this type... as long as it doesn't sound too much like this one!

Please report any problems you have playing this piece, or any ideas for enhancements, at cloud-music issues.

To view the source code of this piece, use your browser menu to view the page source.
To inspect or debug the code of this piece as it runs, use your browser menu to open the developer tools.

Credits

The StrangeAttractor class in CsoundAC, which computes the 4-dimensional orbit of a system of 4 coupled ordinary differential equations, uses code inspired by Julien C. Sprott's book Strange Attractors. The state of the system is mapped to indices of set-type, inversion, pitch-class transposition, and octavewise revoicing. In short, the chaotic orbit of this system becomes an unceasing flow of chord progressions.

My code in CsoundAC for working with chords, scales, and voice-leading implements basic ideas from Dmitri Tymoczko's work in music theory.

Code for compiling and controlling shaders is adapted from ShaderToy.com.

The algorithm for downsampling the video canvas is from Sveinn Steinarsson's MS thesis with code from https://github.com/pingec/downsample-lttb.

Csound instruments are directly copied with minor alterations from Joseph T. Kung's Csound piece Xanadu.

; BEGIN Define Csound orchestra. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

<CsoundSynthesizer>
<CsOptions>
-+msg_color=0 -m34 -d --sample-accurate -f -odac 
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments>

sr = 48000
ksmps = 128
nchnls = 2
0dbfs = 8

gi_ampmidicurve_dynamic_range init .375
gi_ampmidicurve_exponent init 5

maxalloc 1, 8
maxalloc 2, 8
maxalloc 3, 8
maxalloc 4, 8
maxalloc 5, 8
maxalloc 6, 8
maxalloc 7, 8
maxalloc 8, 8

connect "Blower", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Blower", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "Bower", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Bower", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "FilteredSines", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "FilteredSines", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "FMWaterBell", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "FMWaterBell", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "Guitar", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "FMWaterBell", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "FMWaterBell", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "Guitar", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Guitar", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Harpsichord", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Harpsichord", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "Kung2", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Kung2", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "Kung4", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Kung4", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "Plucked", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Plucked", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "Sweeper", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "Sweeper", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "YiString", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "YiString", "outright", "ReverbSC", "inright"
connect "ZakianFlute", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "ZakianFlute", "outleft", "ReverbSC", "inleft"
connect "ReverbSC", "outleft", "MasterOutput", "inleft"
connect "ReverbSC", "outright", "MasterOutput", "inright"

alwayson "ReverbSC"
alwayson "MasterOutput"

gk_Guitar_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_Guitar_midi_dynamic_range", 3 ; 127
gk_Guitar_midi_dynamic_range init 30
gk_Guitar_level chnexport "gk_Guitar_level", 3
gk_Guitar_level init 0
gk_Guitar_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_Guitar_space_left_to_right", 3
gk_Guitar_space_left_to_right init .5

instr Guitar
; Michael Gogins
; Simple emulation of a Spanish guitar.
; Considerably cleaned up after close listening and systematic testing. 
; But I think the plain `pluck` opcode is inherently a bit noisy. The 
; waveform is just jagged at first.
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
; Make indefinite notes last no longer than the physical decay.
i_physical_decay = 60
if p3 == -1 then
i_duration = i_physical_decay
else
i_duration = p3
endif
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_Guitar_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 ==0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_Guitar_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 73
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_Guitar_level)
i_frequency2 = i_frequency
a_signal pluck 1.0, i_frequency, i_frequency2, 0, 6
a_top_body reson a_signal, 110, 80
a_bottom_body reson a_signal, 220, 100
a_whole_body reson a_signal, 440, 80
a_signal = (.6 * a_top_body + .8 * a_bottom_body + .6 * a_whole_body + .4 * a_signal) 
; For testing envelopes with a simple signal that lacks confounding artifacts.
; a_signal oscils .1, i_frequency2, 0
; For testing envelopes with a DC signal (shows only the envelope).
; a_signal = .25

; As with most software instruments that are modeled on an impulse exciting a 
; resonator, there should be two envelopes. The "physical" envelope must have a 
; fixed decay ending at zero.
i_declick_minimum = .003
i_attack = .001 / i_frequency + i_declick_minimum
i_exponent = 7
a_physical_envelope transeg 0,   i_attack, i_exponent,  1,   i_physical_decay, -i_exponent,  .2
; The de-clicking envelope must have attack and release segments that damp 
; artifacts in the signal. The duration of these segments depends on 
; the behavior of the instrument, and may vary as a function of frequency.
i_declick_attack = i_attack
i_declick_release = i_declick_minimum * 2
; The end of the note must be extended _past_ the end of the release segment.
xtratim 1
a_declicking_envelope cossegr 0, i_declick_attack, 1,  i_duration, 1,  i_declick_release, 0
; The envelope of the instrument is the product of the physical envelope times 
; the declicking envelope. 
a_envelope = a_physical_envelope * a_declicking_envelope
; That envelope is then low-pass filtered to remove most discontinuities.
a_filtered_envelope tonex a_envelope, 40, 4
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_filtered_envelope * k_gain *.001

gk_FilteredSines_level chnexport "gk_FilteredSines_level", 3
gi_FilteredSines_attack chnexport "gi_FilteredSines_attack", 3
gi_FilteredSines_release chnexport "gi_FilteredSines_release", 3

gk_FilteredSines_level init 0
gi_FilteredSines_attack init 1
gi_FilteredSines_release init 1

gi_FilteredSines_bergeman ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 10, .28, 1, .74, .66, .78, .48, .05, .33, 0.12, .08, .01, .54, 0.19, .08, .05, 0.16, .01, 0.11, .3, .02, 0.2 ; Bergeman f1

instr FilteredSines
; Author: Michael Bergeman
; Modified by: Michael Gogins
xtratim gi_FilteredSines_attack + gi_FilteredSines_release
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
i_duration = p3
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_velocity = p5
k_space_front_to_back = p6
k_space_left_to_right = p7
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_overall_amps = 166
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_overall_amps) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
k_gain = ampdb(gk_FilteredSines_level)
kHz = k(i_frequency)
koctave = octcps(kHz)
iattack init gi_FilteredSines_attack
isustain init p3
irelease init gi_FilteredSines_release
idb = 1.5
ip5 = gi_FilteredSines_bergeman
ip3 = 5.0
ip6 = 0.9
ip7 = 1.4
kp8 = cpsoct(koctave - .01)
kp9 = cpsoct(koctave + .01)
isc = idb * .333
k1 linseg 40, ip3, 800, p3, 800, 0.06, 0.0
k2 linseg 440, ip3, 220, p3, 220, 0.06, 0.0
k3 linseg 0.0, ip6, 800, ip7, 200.0, p3, 200, 0.06, 0.0
k4 linseg 800, ip3, 40, p3, 40, 0.06, 0.0
k5 linseg 220, ip3, 440, p3, 440, 0.06, 0.0
k6 linseg isc, ip6, p3, ip7, p3, 0.06, 0.0
k7 linseg 0.0, ip6, 1, ip7, .3, p3, .1, 0.06, 0.0
a5 poscil k3, kp8, ip5
a6 poscil k3, kp8 * 0.999, ip5
a7 poscil k3, kp8 * 1.001, ip5
a1 = a5 + a6 + a7
a8 poscil k6, kp9, ip5
a9 poscil k6, kp9 * 0.999, ip5
a10 poscil k6, kp9 * 1.001, ip5
a11 = a8 + a9 + a10
a2 butterbp a1, k1, 40
a3 butterbp a2, k5, k2 * 0.8
a4 balance a3, a1
a12 butterbp a11, k4, 40
a13 butterbp a12, k2, k5 * 0.8
a14 balance a13, a11
a15 reverb2 a4, 5, 0.3
a16 reverb2 a4, 4, 0.2
a17 = (a15 + a4) * k7
a18 = (a16 + a4) * k7
a_signal = (a17 + a18)
i_attack = .002
i_sustain = p3
i_release = 0.01
xtratim (i_attack + i_release)
a_declicking linsegr 0, i_attack, 1, i_sustain, 1, i_release, 0
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_declicking * k_gain * 1.88

gk_Blower_grainDensity chnexport "gk_Blower_grainDensity", 3
gk_Blower_grainDuration chnexport "gk_Blower_grainDuration", 3
gk_Blower_grainAmplitudeRange chnexport "gk_Blower_grainAmplitudeRange", 3
gk_Blower_grainFrequencyRange chnexport "gk_Blower_grainFrequencyRange", 3
gk_Blower_level chnexport "gk_Blower_level", 3
gk_Blower_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_Blower_midi_dynamic_range", 3

gk_Blower_grainDensity init 90
gk_Blower_grainDuration init 0.2
gk_Blower_grainAmplitudeRange init 100
gk_Blower_grainFrequencyRange init 10
gk_Blower_level init 0
gk_Blower_midi_dynamic_range init 20

gk_Blower_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_Blower_space_left_to_right", 3
gk_Blower_space_left_to_right init .5

gi_Blower_grtab ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 10, 1, .3, .1, 0, .2, .02, 0, .1, .04
gi_Blower_wintab ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 10, 1, 0, .5, 0, .33, 0, .25, 0, .2, 0, .167

instr Blower
//////////////////////////////////////////////
// Original by Hans Mikelson.
// Adapted by Michael Gogins.
//////////////////////////////////////////////
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
i_duration = p3
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_Blower_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 ==0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_Blower_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 123
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_Blower_level)
iHz = i_frequency
ihertz = iHz
ip4 = i_amplitude
ip5 = iHz
ip6 = gi_Blower_grtab
ip7 = gi_Blower_wintab
ip8 = 0.033
ip8 = .002
ip9 = 150
ip9 = 100
ip10 = 1.6
ip10 = 3
idur = p3
iamp = i_amplitude ; p4
ifqc = iHz ; cpspch(p5)
igrtab = ip6
iwintab = ip7
ifrng = ip8
idens = ip9
ifade = ip10
igdur = 0.2
iattack = 0.5
i_sustain = p3
idecay = 1.5
xtratim iattack + idecay
kenvelope transegr 0.0, iattack / 2.0, 1.5, .5, iattack / 2.0, -1.5, 1, i_sustain, 0.0, 1, idecay / 2.0, 1.5, .5, idecay / 2.0, -1.5, 0
; kamp linseg 0, ifade, 1, idur - 2 * ifade, 1, ifade, 0
kamp = kenvelope
; Amp Fqc Dense AmpOff PitchOff GrDur GrTable WinTable MaxGrDur
aoutl grain ip4, ifqc, gk_Blower_grainDensity, gk_Blower_grainAmplitudeRange, gk_Blower_grainFrequencyRange, gk_Blower_grainDuration, igrtab, iwintab, 5
aoutr grain ip4, ifqc, gk_Blower_grainDensity, gk_Blower_grainAmplitudeRange, gk_Blower_grainFrequencyRange, gk_Blower_grainDuration, igrtab, iwintab, 5
a_signal = aoutl + aoutr
i_attack = .002
i_release = 0.01
xtratim i_attack + i_release
a_declicking linsegr 0, i_attack, 1, i_sustain, 1, i_release, 0
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_declicking * k_gain

prints "%-24s i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d\n", nstrstr(p1), p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1)
#ifdef USE_SPATIALIZATION
a_spatial_reverb_send init 0
a_bsignal[] init 16
a_bsignal, a_spatial_reverb_send Spatialize a_signal, k_space_front_to_back, k_space_left_to_right, k_space_bottom_to_top
outletv "outbformat", a_bsignal
outleta "out", a_spatial_reverb_send
#else
a_out_left, a_out_right pan2 a_signal, k_space_left_to_right
outleta "outleft", a_out_left
outleta "outright", a_out_right
#endif
;printks "Blower         i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d l%9.4f r%9.4f\n", 1, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1), dbamp(rms(a_out_left)), dbamp(rms(a_out_right))
endin

gk_Sweeper_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_Sweeper_midi_dynamic_range", 3 ;  127
gk_Sweeper_attack chnexport "gk_Sweeper_attack", 3 ;  .125
gk_Sweeper_release chnexport "gk_Sweeper_release", 3 ;  .25
gk_Sweeper_britel chnexport "gk_Sweeper_britel", 3 ;  0.1
gk_Sweeper_briteh chnexport "gk_Sweeper_briteh", 3 ;  2.9
gk_Sweeper_britels chnexport "gk_Sweeper_britels", 3 ;  2
gk_Sweeper_britehs chnexport "gk_Sweeper_britehs", 3 ;  1
gk_Sweeper_level chnexport "gk_Sweeper_level", 3 ;  0

gk_Sweeper_midi_dynamic_range init 20
gk_Sweeper_attack init .125
gk_Sweeper_release init .25
gk_Sweeper_britel init .01
gk_Sweeper_briteh init 5
gk_Sweeper_britels init .5
gk_Sweeper_britehs init .5
gk_Sweeper_level init 0
gk_Sweeper_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_Sweeper_space_left_to_right", 3
gk_Sweeper_space_left_to_right init .5

gi_Sweeper_sine ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 10, 1
gi_Sweeper_octfn ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -19, 1, 0.5, 270, 0.5

instr Sweeper
//////////////////////////////////////////////
// Original by Iain McCurdy.
// Adapted by Michael Gogins.
//////////////////////////////////////////////
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
i_duration = p3
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_Sweeper_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 ==0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_Sweeper_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 34.2
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_Sweeper_level)

iattack = i(gk_Sweeper_attack)
irelease = i(gk_Sweeper_release)
isustain = p3
kenvelope transegr 0.0, iattack / 2.0, 1.5, i_amplitude / 2.0, iattack / 2.0, -1.5, i_amplitude, isustain, 0.0, i_amplitude, irelease / 2.0, 1.5, i_amplitude / 2.0, irelease / 2.0, -1.5, 0
ihertz = i_frequency
icps = ihertz
kamp expseg 0.001,0.02,0.2,p3-0.01,0.001
ktonemoddep jspline 0.01,0.05,0.2
ktonemodrte jspline 6,0.1,0.2
ktone poscil3 ktonemoddep, ktonemodrte, gi_Sweeper_sine
kbrite rspline gk_Sweeper_britel, gk_Sweeper_briteh, gk_Sweeper_britels, gk_Sweeper_britehs
ibasfreq init icps
ioctcnt init 3
iphs init 0
a1 hsboscil kenvelope, ktone, kbrite, ibasfreq, gi_Sweeper_sine, gi_Sweeper_octfn, ioctcnt, iphs
amod poscil3 0.25, ibasfreq*(1/3), gi_Sweeper_sine
arm = a1*amod
kmix expseg 0.001, 0.01, rnd(1), rnd(3)+0.3, 0.001
kmix=.25
a1 ntrpol a1, arm, kmix
kpanrte jspline 5, 0.05, 0.1
kpandep jspline 0.9, 0.2, 0.4
kpan poscil3 kpandep, kpanrte, gi_Sweeper_sine
;a1,a2 pan2 a1, kpan
a1,a2 pan2 a1, k_space_left_to_right
aleft delay a1, rnd(0.1)
aright delay a2, rnd(0.11)
a_signal = (aleft + aright)

; As with most software instruments that are modeled on an impulse exciting a 
; resonator, there should be two envelopes. The "physical" envelope must have a 
; fixed decay ending at zero.
i_declick_minimum = .003
i_attack = .001 / i_frequency + i_declick_minimum
i_declick_attack = i_attack
i_declick_release = i_declick_minimum * 2
; The end of the note must be extended _past_ the end of the release segment.
xtratim 1
a_declicking_envelope cossegr 0, i_declick_attack, 1,  i_duration, 1,  i_declick_release, 0
; The envelope of the instrument is the product of the physical envelope times 
; the declicking envelope. 
a_envelope = a_declicking_envelope
; That envelope is then low-pass filtered to remove most discontinuities.
a_filtered_envelope tonex a_envelope, 40, 4
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_filtered_envelope * k_gain *.001

gk_Plucked_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_Plucked_midi_dynamic_range", 3 ; 127
gk_Plucked_midi_dynamic_range init 30
gk_Plucked_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_Plucked_space_left_to_right", 3
gk_Plucked_space_left_to_right init .5
gk_Plucked_level chnexport "gk_Plucked_level", 3
gk_Plucked_level init 50

gi_Plucked_sine ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 10, 1

instr Plucked
; Author: Michael Gogins
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
; Make indefinite notes last no longer than the physical decay.
i_physical_decay = 20
if p3 == -1 then
i_duration = i_physical_decay
else
i_duration = p3
endif
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_Plucked_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 ;* i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
i_midi_velocity ampmidid i_midi_velocity, i_midi_dynamic_range
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 == 0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_Plucked_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_detune_cents = 1.5
i_detune = i_detune_cents / 100
i_frequency1 = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key - i_detune)
i_frequency2 = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
i_frequency3 = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key + i_detune)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_overall_amps = 26
i_normalization = ampdb(-(i_overall_amps)) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_Plucked_level)
asignal1 wgpluck2 0.1, 1.0, i_frequency1, 0.25, 0.222
asignal2 wgpluck2 0.1, 1.0, i_frequency2, 0.20, 0.223
asignal3 wgpluck2 0.1, 1.0, i_frequency3, 0.23, 0.225
a_signal = (asignal1 + asignal2 + asignal3)
; As with most instruments that are based upon an impulse delivered to a 
; resonator, there are two envelopes, one for the physical decay with a 
; fixed release ending at zero, and one with a release segment to remove 
; clicks from the attack and release.
;
; As with most software instruments that are modeled on an impulse exciting a 
; resonator, there should be two envelopes. The "physical" envelope must have a 
; fixed decay ending at zero.
i_declick_minimum = .001
i_attack = .001 / i_frequency2 + i_declick_minimum
i_exponent = 7
a_physical_envelope transeg 0,   i_attack, i_exponent,  1,   i_physical_decay, -i_exponent,  0
; The de-clicking envelope must have attack and release segments that damp 
; artifacts in the signal. The duration of these segments depends on 
; the behavior of the instrument, and may vary as a function of frequency.
i_declick_attack = i_attack
i_declick_release = i_declick_minimum * 2
; The end of the note must be extended _past_ the end of the release segment.
xtratim 1
a_declicking_envelope cossegr 0, i_declick_attack, 1,  i_duration, 1,  i_declick_release, 0
; The envelope of the instrument is the product of the physical envelope times 
; the declicking envelope. 
a_envelope = a_physical_envelope * a_declicking_envelope
; That envelope is then low-pass filtered to remove most discontinuities.
a_filtered_envelope tonex a_envelope, 40, 4
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_filtered_envelope * k_gain

//////////////////////////////////////////////
// Original by Steven Yi.
// Adapted by Michael Gogins.
//////////////////////////////////////////////
gk_FMWaterBell_level chnexport "gk_FMWaterBell_level", 3 ; 0
gi_FMWaterBell_attack chnexport "gi_FMWaterBell_attack", 3 ; 0.002
gi_FMWaterBell_release chnexport "gi_FMWaterBell_release", 3 ; 0.01
gi_FMWaterBell_sustain chnexport "gi_FMWaterBell_sustain", 3 ; 20
gi_FMWaterBell_sustain_level chnexport "gi_FMWaterBell_sustain_level", 3 ; .1
gk_FMWaterBell_index chnexport "gk_FMWaterBell_index", 3 ; .5
gk_FMWaterBell_crossfade chnexport "gk_FMWaterBell_crossfade", 3 ; .5
gk_FMWaterBell_vibrato_depth chnexport "gk_FMWaterBell_vibrato_depth", 3 ; 0.05
gk_FMWaterBell_vibrato_rate chnexport "gk_FMWaterBell_vibrato_rate", 3 ; 6
gk_FMWaterBell_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_FMWaterBell_midi_dynamic_range", 3 ; 20

gk_FMWaterBell_level init -8
gi_FMWaterBell_attack init 0.002
gi_FMWaterBell_release init 0.01
gi_FMWaterBell_sustain init 20
gi_FMWaterBell_sustain_level init .1
gk_FMWaterBell_index init .5
gk_FMWaterBell_crossfade init .5
gk_FMWaterBell_vibrato_depth init 0.05
gk_FMWaterBell_vibrato_rate init 6
gk_FMWaterBell_midi_dynamic_range init 20

gk_FMWaterBell_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_FMWaterBell_space_left_to_right", 3
gk_FMWaterBell_space_left_to_right init .5

gi_FMWaterBell_cosine ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 11, 1

instr FMWaterBell
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
i_duration = p3
; One of the envelopes in this instrument should be releasing, and use this:
i_sustain = 1000
xtratim gi_FMWaterBell_attack + gi_FMWaterBell_release
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_FMWaterBell_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.6 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 ==0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_FMWaterBell_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 80
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization * 1.6
k_gain = ampdb(gk_FMWaterBell_level)
i_releasing_attack = 3 / min(i_frequency, 256)
i_releasing_release = .01
a_signal fmbell	1, i_frequency, gk_FMWaterBell_index, gk_FMWaterBell_crossfade, gk_FMWaterBell_vibrato_depth, gk_FMWaterBell_vibrato_rate, gi_FMWaterBell_cosine, gi_FMWaterBell_cosine, gi_FMWaterBell_cosine, gi_FMWaterBell_cosine, gi_FMWaterBell_cosine ;, gi_FMWaterBell_sustain
a_envelope transeg 0, gi_FMWaterBell_attack, 6,  1, gi_FMWaterBell_sustain, -6,  0
a_declicking cossegr 0, i_releasing_attack, 1, gi_FMWaterBell_sustain - 1, 1, i_releasing_release, 0
;;;a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_envelope * a_declicking * k_gain
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_envelope * a_declicking * k_gain

gk_YiString_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_YiString_midi_dynamic_range", 3 ;  127
gk_YiString_level chnexport "gk_YiString_level", 3 ;  0
gk_YiString_reverb_send chnexport "gk_YiString_reverb_send", 3 ;  .5
gk_YiString_chorus_send chnexport "gk_YiString_chorus_send", 3 ;  .5
gi_YiString_overlap chnexport "gi_YiString_overlap", 3 ;  .1

gk_YiString_midi_dynamic_range init 20
gk_YiString_level init 30
gk_YiString_reverb_send init .5
gk_YiString_chorus_send init .5
gi_YiString_overlap init .1

gk_YiString_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_YiString_space_left_to_right", 3
gk_YiString_space_left_to_right init .5

instr YiString
//////////////////////////////////////////////
// Original by Steven Yi.
// Adapted by Michael Gogins.
//////////////////////////////////////////////
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
; Make indefinite notes last no longer than the physical decay.
i_physical_duration = 20000
if p3 == -1 then
i_duration = i_physical_duration
else
i_duration = p3
endif
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_YiString_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
k_space_left_to_right = p7
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 62.25
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_YiString_level)
iattack = gi_YiString_overlap
isustain = i_duration
idecay = gi_YiString_overlap
xtratim 1
a_physical_envelope transeg 0.0, iattack / 2.0, 1.5, i_amplitude / 2.0, iattack / 2.0, -1.5, i_amplitude, isustain, 0.0, i_amplitude, idecay / 2.0, 1.5, i_amplitude / 2.0, idecay / 2.0, -1.5, 0
;ampenv = madsr:a(1, 0.1, 0.95, 0.5)
a_signal = vco2(1, i_frequency)
a_signal = moogladder(a_signal, 6000, 0.1)

; The de-clicking envelope must have attack and release segments that damp 
; artifacts in the signal. The duration of these segments depends on 
; the behavior of the instrument, and may vary as a function of frequency.
i_declick_attack = iattack
i_declick_release = i_declick_attack * 2
; The end of the note must be extended _past_ the end of the release segment.
xtratim 1
a_declicking_envelope cossegr 0, i_declick_attack, 1,  i_duration, 1,  i_declick_release, 0
; The envelope of the instrument is the product of the physical envelope times 
; the declicking envelope. 
a_envelope = a_physical_envelope * a_declicking_envelope
; That envelope is then low-pass filtered to remove most discontinuities.
a_filtered_envelope tonex a_envelope, 40, 4
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_filtered_envelope * k_gain

#ifdef USE_SPATIALIZATION
a_spatial_reverb_send init 0
a_bsignal[] init 16
a_bsignal, a_spatial_reverb_send Spatialize a_signal, k_space_front_to_back, k_space_left_to_right, k_space_bottom_to_top
outletv "outbformat", a_bsignal
outleta "out", a_spatial_reverb_send
#else
a_signal_reverb = a_signal * gk_YiString_reverb_send
a_signal_chorus = a_signal * gk_YiString_chorus_send
a_out_left, a_out_right pan2 a_signal_reverb, p7
outleta "outleft", a_out_left
outleta "outright",  a_out_right
a_out_left, a_out_right pan2 a_signal_chorus, p7
outleta "chorusleft", a_out_left 
outleta "chorusright", a_out_right 
;printks "YiString         %9.4f  %9.4f\n", 0.5, a_out_left, a_out_right
#endif
prints "%-24s i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d\n", nstrstr(p1), p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1)
endin

gk_Harpsichord_level chnexport "gk_Harpsichord_level", 3
gk_Harpsichord_pick chnexport "gk_Harpsichord_pick", 3
gk_Harpsichord_reflection chnexport "gk_Harpsichord_reflection", 3
gk_Harpsichord_pluck chnexport "gk_Harpsichord_pluck", 3
gk_Harpsichord_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_Harpsichord_midi_dynamic_range", 3
gk_Harpsichord_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_Harpsichord_space_left_to_right", 3

gk_Harpsichord_level init 0
gk_Harpsichord_pick init .075
gk_Harpsichord_reflection init .5
gk_Harpsichord_pluck init .75
gk_Harpsichord_midi_dynamic_range init 20
gk_Harpsichord_space_left_to_right init .5

gi_Harpsichord_harptable ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 7, -1, 1024, 1, 1024, -1

instr Harpsichord
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
; Make indefinite notes last no longer than the physical decay.
i_physical_decay = 40
if p3 == -1 then
i_duration = i_physical_decay
else
i_duration = p3
endif
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_Harpsichord_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.6 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 == 0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_Harpsichord_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 66
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_Harpsichord_level)
iHz = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
kHz = k(iHz)
a_physical_envelope transeg 1.0, i_physical_decay, -25.0, 0.0
apluck pluck i_amplitude * k_gain, kHz, iHz, 0, 1
aharp poscil a_physical_envelope, kHz, gi_Harpsichord_harptable
aharp2 balance apluck, aharp
a_signal	= (apluck + aharp2)
i_attack = .0005
i_sustain = p3
i_release = 0.01
; The end of the note must be extended _past_ the end of the release segment.
xtratim 1
i_declick_attack init .0008
i_declick_release init .01
a_declicking_envelope cossegr 0, i_declick_attack, 1,  i_duration, 1,  i_declick_release, 0
a_envelope = a_declicking_envelope
a_filtered_envelope tonex a_envelope, 40, 4
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_filtered_envelope * k_gain

#ifdef USE_SPATIALIZATION
a_spatial_reverb_send init 0
a_bsignal[] init 16
a_bsignal, a_spatial_reverb_send Spatialize a_signal, k_space_front_to_back, k_space_left_to_right, k_space_bottom_to_top
outletv "outbformat", a_bsignal
outleta "out", a_spatial_reverb_send
#else
a_out_left, a_out_right pan2 a_signal, k_space_left_to_right
outleta "outleft", a_out_left
outleta "outright", a_out_right
#endif
;printks "Harpsichord      %9.4f   %9.4f\n", 0.5, a_out_left, a_out_right
prints "%-24s i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d\n", nstrstr(p1), p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1)
endin

gk_ZakianFlute_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_ZakianFlute_midi_dynamic_range", 3 ;  20
gk_ZakianFlute_level chnexport "gk_ZakianFlute_level", 3 ;  0
gk_ZakianFlute_pan chnexport "gk_ZakianFlute_pan", 3 ;  .5
gi_ZakianFLute_seed chnexport "gi_ZakianFLute_seed", 3 ;  .5
gi_ZakianFLute_space_left_to_front chnexport "gi_ZakianFLute_space_left_to_front", 3 ;  .5

gk_ZakianFlute_midi_dynamic_range init 20
gk_ZakianFlute_level init -16
gk_ZakianFlute_pan init .5
gi_ZakianFLute_seed init .5
gi_ZakianFLute_space_left_to_front init .5

gi_ZakianFLute_f2  ftgen 0, 0, 16, -2, 40, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5120, 10240, 10240
gi_ZakianFlute_f26 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 2000, 489, 74, 219, 125, 9, 33, 5, 5
gi_ZakianFlute_f27 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 2729, 1926, 346, 662, 537, 110, 61, 29, 7
gi_ZakianFlute_f28 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 2558, 2012, 390, 361, 534, 139, 53, 22, 10, 13, 10
gi_ZakianFlute_f29 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 12318, 8844, 1841, 1636, 256, 150, 60, 46, 11
gi_ZakianFlute_f30 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 1229, 16, 34, 57, 32
gi_ZakianFlute_f31 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 163, 31, 1, 50, 31
gi_ZakianFlute_f32 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 4128, 883, 354, 79, 59, 23
gi_ZakianFlute_f33 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 1924, 930, 251, 50, 25, 14
gi_ZakianFlute_f34 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 94, 6, 22, 8
gi_ZakianFlute_f35 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 2661, 87, 33, 18
gi_ZakianFlute_f36 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 174, 12
gi_ZakianFlute_f37 ftgen 0, 0, 65537, -10, 314, 13
gi_ZakianFlute_wtsin ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 10, 1

instr ZakianFlute
; Author: Lee Zakian
; Adapted by: Michael Gogins
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
if p3 == -1 then
i_duration = 1000
else
i_duration = p3
endif
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_velocity = p5
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 == 0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gi_ZakianFLute_space_left_to_front
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_overall_amps = 65.2
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_overall_amps) / 2
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_ZakianFlute_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_ZakianFlute_level)
;;;xtratim iattack + irelease
iHz = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
kHz = k(iHz)
// Bug?
// aenvelope transeg 1.0, 20.0, -10.0, 0.05
aenvelope transegr 1.0, 20.0, -10.0, 0.05
ip3 = 3;;; (p3 < 3.0 ? p3 : 3.0)
; parameters
; p4 overall amplitude scaling factor
ip4 init i_amplitude
; p5 pitch in Hertz (normal pitch range: C4-C7)
ip5 init iHz
; p6 percent vibrato depth, recommended values in range [-1., +1.]
ip6 init 0.5
; 0.0 -> no vibrato
; +1. -> 1% vibrato depth, where vibrato rate increases slightly
; -1. -> 1% vibrato depth, where vibrato rate decreases slightly
; p7 attack time in seconds
; recommended value: .12 for slurred notes, .06 for tongued notes
; (.03 for short notes)
ip7 init .08
; p8 decay time in seconds
; recommended value: .1 (.05 for short notes)
ip8 init .08
; p9 overall brightness / filter cutoff factor
; 1 -> least bright / minimum filter cutoff frequency (40 Hz)
; 9 -> brightest / maximum filter cutoff frequency (10,240Hz)
ip9 init 5
; initial variables
iampscale = ip4 ; overall amplitude scaling factor
ifreq = ip5 ; pitch in Hertz
ivibdepth = abs(ip6*ifreq/100.0) ; vibrato depth relative to fundamental frequency
iattack = ip7 * (1.1 - .2*gi_ZakianFLute_seed) ; attack time with up to +-10% random deviation
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947) ; reset gi_ZakianFLute_seed
idecay = ip8 * (1.1 - .2*gi_ZakianFLute_seed) ; decay time with up to +-10% random deviation
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
ifiltcut tablei ip9, gi_ZakianFLute_f2 ; lowpass filter cutoff frequency
iattack = (iattack < 6/kr ? 6/kr : iattack) ; minimal attack length
idecay = (idecay < 6/kr ? 6/kr : idecay) ; minimal decay length
isustain = i_duration - iattack - idecay
;;;p3 = (isustain < 5/kr ? iattack+idecay+5/kr : i_duration) ; minimal sustain length
isustain = (isustain < 5/kr ? 5/kr : isustain)
iatt = iattack/6
isus = isustain/4
idec = idecay/6
iphase = gi_ZakianFLute_seed ; use same phase for all wavetables
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
; vibrato block
; kvibdepth linseg .1, .8*p3, 1, .2*p3, .7
kvibdepth linseg .1, .8*ip3, 1, isustain, 1, .2*ip3, .7
kvibdepth = kvibdepth* ivibdepth ; vibrato depth
kvibdepthr randi .1*kvibdepth, 5, gi_ZakianFLute_seed ; up to 10% vibrato depth variation
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
kvibdepth = kvibdepth + kvibdepthr
ivibr1 = gi_ZakianFLute_seed ; vibrato rate
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
ivibr2 = gi_ZakianFLute_seed
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
if ip6 < 0 goto vibrato1
kvibrate linseg 2.5+ivibr1, isustain, 4.5+ivibr2 ; if p6 positive vibrato gets faster
goto vibrato2
vibrato1:
ivibr3 = gi_ZakianFLute_seed
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
kvibrate linseg 3.5+ivibr1, .1, 4.5+ivibr2,isustain-.1, 2.5+ivibr3 ; if p6 negative vibrato gets slower
vibrato2:
kvibrater randi .1*kvibrate, 5, gi_ZakianFLute_seed ; up to 10% vibrato rate variation
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
kvibrate = kvibrate + kvibrater
kvib oscili kvibdepth, kvibrate, gi_ZakianFlute_wtsin
ifdev1 = -.03 * gi_ZakianFLute_seed ; frequency deviation
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
ifdev2 = .003 * gi_ZakianFLute_seed
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
ifdev3 = -.0015 * gi_ZakianFLute_seed
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
ifdev4 = .012 * gi_ZakianFLute_seed
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
kfreqr linseg ifdev1, iattack, ifdev2, isustain, ifdev3, idecay, ifdev4
kfreq = kHz * (1 + kfreqr) + kvib
if ifreq < 427.28 goto range1 ; (cpspch(8.08) + cpspch(8.09))/2
if ifreq < 608.22 goto range2 ; (cpspch(9.02) + cpspch(9.03))/2
if ifreq < 1013.7 goto range3 ; (cpspch(9.11) + cpspch(10.00))/2
goto range4
; wavetable amplitude envelopes
range1: ; for low range tones
kamp1 linseg 0, iatt, 0.002, iatt, 0.045, iatt, 0.146, iatt, \
0.272, iatt, 0.072, iatt, 0.043, isus, 0.230, isus, 0.000, isus, \
0.118, isus, 0.923, idec, 1.191, idec, 0.794, idec, 0.418, idec, \
0.172, idec, 0.053, idec, 0
kamp2 linseg 0, iatt, 0.009, iatt, 0.022, iatt, -0.049, iatt, \
-0.120, iatt, 0.297, iatt, 1.890, isus, 1.543, isus, 0.000, isus, \
0.546, isus, 0.690, idec, -0.318, idec, -0.326, idec, -0.116, idec, \
-0.035, idec, -0.020, idec, 0
kamp3 linseg 0, iatt, 0.005, iatt, -0.026, iatt, 0.023, iatt, \
0.133, iatt, 0.060, iatt, -1.245, isus, -0.760, isus, 1.000, isus, \
0.360, isus, -0.526, idec, 0.165, idec, 0.184, idec, 0.060, idec, \
0.010, idec, 0.013, idec, 0
iwt1 = gi_ZakianFlute_f26 ; wavetable numbers
iwt2 = gi_ZakianFlute_f27
iwt3 = gi_ZakianFlute_f28
inorm = 3949
goto end
range2: ; for low mid-range tones
kamp1 linseg 0, iatt, 0.000, iatt, -0.005, iatt, 0.000, iatt, \
0.030, iatt, 0.198, iatt, 0.664, isus, 1.451, isus, 1.782, isus, \
1.316, isus, 0.817, idec, 0.284, idec, 0.171, idec, 0.082, idec, \
0.037, idec, 0.012, idec, 0
kamp2 linseg 0, iatt, 0.000, iatt, 0.320, iatt, 0.882, iatt, \
1.863, iatt, 4.175, iatt, 4.355, isus, -5.329, isus, -8.303, isus, \
-1.480, isus, -0.472, idec, 1.819, idec, -0.135, idec, -0.082, idec, \
-0.170, idec, -0.065, idec, 0
kamp3 linseg 0, iatt, 1.000, iatt, 0.520, iatt, -0.303, iatt, \
0.059, iatt, -4.103, iatt, -6.784, isus, 7.006, isus, 11, isus, \
12.495, isus, -0.562, idec, -4.946, idec, -0.587, idec, 0.440, idec, \
0.174, idec, -0.027, idec, 0
iwt1 = gi_ZakianFlute_f29
iwt2 = gi_ZakianFlute_f30
iwt3 = gi_ZakianFlute_f31
inorm = 27668.2
goto end
range3: ; for high mid-range tones
kamp1 linseg 0, iatt, 0.005, iatt, 0.000, iatt, -0.082, iatt, \
0.36, iatt, 0.581, iatt, 0.416, isus, 1.073, isus, 0.000, isus, \
0.356, isus, .86, idec, 0.532, idec, 0.162, idec, 0.076, idec, 0.064, \
idec, 0.031, idec, 0
kamp2 linseg 0, iatt, -0.005, iatt, 0.000, iatt, 0.205, iatt, \
-0.284, iatt, -0.208, iatt, 0.326, isus, -0.401, isus, 1.540, isus, \
0.589, isus, -0.486, idec, -0.016, idec, 0.141, idec, 0.105, idec, \
-0.003, idec, -0.023, idec, 0
kamp3 linseg 0, iatt, 0.722, iatt, 1.500, iatt, 3.697, iatt, \
0.080, iatt, -2.327, iatt, -0.684, isus, -2.638, isus, 0.000, isus, \
1.347, isus, 0.485, idec, -0.419, idec, -.700, idec, -0.278, idec, \
0.167, idec, -0.059, idec, 0
iwt1 = gi_ZakianFlute_f32
iwt2 = gi_ZakianFlute_f33
iwt3 = gi_ZakianFlute_f34
inorm = 3775
goto end
range4: ; for high range tones
kamp1 linseg 0, iatt, 0.000, iatt, 0.000, iatt, 0.211, iatt, \
0.526, iatt, 0.989, iatt, 1.216, isus, 1.727, isus, 1.881, isus, \
1.462, isus, 1.28, idec, 0.75, idec, 0.34, idec, 0.154, idec, 0.122, \
idec, 0.028, idec, 0
kamp2 linseg 0, iatt, 0.500, iatt, 0.000, iatt, 0.181, iatt, \
0.859, iatt, -0.205, iatt, -0.430, isus, -0.725, isus, -0.544, isus, \
-0.436, isus, -0.109, idec, -0.03, idec, -0.022, idec, -0.046, idec, \
-0.071, idec, -0.019, idec, 0
kamp3 linseg 0, iatt, 0.000, iatt, 1.000, iatt, 0.426, iatt, \
0.222, iatt, 0.175, iatt, -0.153, isus, 0.355, isus, 0.175, isus, \
0.16, isus, -0.246, idec, -0.045, idec, -0.072, idec, 0.057, idec, \
-0.024, idec, 0.002, idec, 0
iwt1 = gi_ZakianFlute_f35
iwt2 = gi_ZakianFlute_f36
iwt3 = gi_ZakianFlute_f37
inorm = 4909.05
goto end
end:
kampr1 randi .02*kamp1, 10, gi_ZakianFLute_seed ; up to 2% wavetable amplitude variation
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
kamp1 = kamp1 + kampr1
kampr2 randi .02*kamp2, 10, gi_ZakianFLute_seed ; up to 2% wavetable amplitude variation
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
kamp2 = kamp2 + kampr2
kampr3 randi .02*kamp3, 10, gi_ZakianFLute_seed ; up to 2% wavetable amplitude variation
gi_ZakianFLute_seed = frac(gi_ZakianFLute_seed*105.947)
kamp3 = kamp3 + kampr3
awt1 poscil kamp1, kfreq, iwt1, iphase ; wavetable lookup
awt2 poscil kamp2, kfreq, iwt2, iphase
awt3 poscil kamp3, kfreq, iwt3, iphase
asig = awt1 + awt2 + awt3
asig = asig*(iampscale/inorm)
kcut linseg 0, iattack, ifiltcut, isustain, ifiltcut, idecay, 0 ; lowpass filter for brightness control
afilt tone asig, kcut
a_signal balance afilt, asig
i_attack = .002
i_sustain = i_duration
i_release = 0.01
i_declick_attack = i_attack
i_declick_release = i_declick_attack * 2
; The end of the note must be extended _past_ the end of the release segment.
xtratim 1
a_declicking_envelope cossegr 0, i_declick_attack, 1,  i_duration, 1,  i_declick_release, 0
; That envelope is then low-pass filtered to remove most discontinuities.
a_filtered_envelope tonex a_declicking_envelope, 40, 4
a_signal = a_signal * i_amplitude * a_filtered_envelope * k_gain

prints "%-24s i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d\n", nstrstr(p1), p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1)
#ifdef USE_SPATIALIZATION
a_spatial_reverb_send init 0
a_bsignal[] init 16
a_bsignal, a_spatial_reverb_send Spatialize a_signal, k_space_front_to_back, k_space_left_to_right, k_space_bottom_to_top
outletv "outbformat", a_bsignal
outleta "out", a_spatial_reverb_send
#else
a_signal *= .7
a_out_left, a_out_right pan2 a_signal, k_space_left_to_right
outleta "outleft", a_out_left
outleta "outright", a_out_right
#endif
endin

gi_Kung4_detune_cents chnexport "gk_Kung4_detune_cents", 3
gi_Kung4_detune_cents init 8
gk_Kung4_level chnexport "gk_Kung4_level", 3
gk_Kung4_level init -20
gk_Kung4_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_Kung4_midi_dynamic_range", 3
gk_Kung4_midi_dynamic_range init 30
gk_Kung4_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_Kung4_space_left_to_right", 3
gk_Kung4_space_left_to_right init .5
gi_Kung4_modulation_ratio_start chnexport "gi_Kung4_modulation_ratio_start", 3
gi_Kung4_modulation_ratio_start init 1.7
gi_Kung4_modulation_ratio_end chnexport "gi_Kung4_modulation_ratio_end", 3
gi_Kung4_modulation_ratio_end init .5

gi_Kung4_sine ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 10, 1
gi_Kung4_cosine ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 11, 1
gi_Kung4_ln ftgen 0, 9, 65537, -12, 20.0  ;unscaled ln(I(x)) from 0 to 20.0
/**
 * This is yet another attempt to adapt this beautiful sound for use in 
 * wider contexts.
 */
instr Kung4
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
; Make indefinite notes last no longer than the physical decay.
i_instrument_duration = 999999
if p3 == -1 then
i_duration = i_instrument_duration
else
i_duration = p3
endif
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_Kung4_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 ==0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_Kung4_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 130 + 8 + 6
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_Kung4_level)
ishift = gi_Kung4_detune_cents/12000
ipch = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
ioct = octmidinn(i_midi_key)
kvib poscil 1/120, ipch/50, gi_Kung4_sine
; The instrument envelope should observe limits.
if (i_duration > 10) then
i_instrument_attack = 10 / 3
elseif (i_duration < 1) then
i_instrument_attack = 1 / 3
else
i_instrument_attack = i_duration / 3
endif
;i_instrument_duration -= (2 * i_instrument_attack)
aadsr linsegr 0, i_instrument_attack, 1.0, i_duration, 1.0, i_instrument_attack, 0 ;ADSR envelope
amodi linseg 0, i_instrument_attack, 5, i_duration, 3, i_instrument_attack, 0 ;ADSR envelope for I
amodr linseg gi_Kung4_modulation_ratio_start, i_duration, gi_Kung4_modulation_ratio_end ;r moves from p6->p7 in p3 sec.
a1 = amodi*(amodr-1/amodr)/2
a1ndx = abs(a1*2/20) ;a1*2 is normalized from 0-1.
a2 = amodi*(amodr+1/amodr)/2
a3 tablei a1ndx, gi_Kung4_ln, 1 ;lookup tbl in f3, normal index
ao1 poscil a1, ipch, gi_Kung4_cosine ;cosine
a4 = exp(-0.5*a3+ao1)
ao2 poscil a2*ipch, ipch, gi_Kung4_cosine ;cosine
a_out_left poscil 1000*aadsr*a4, ao2+cpsoct(ioct+ishift), gi_Kung4_sine ;fnl outleft
a_out_right poscil 1000*aadsr*a4, ao2+cpsoct(ioct-ishift), gi_Kung4_sine ;fnl outright
i_declick_minimum = .003
i_attack = .001 / i_frequency + i_declick_minimum
i_exponent = 7
a_physical_envelope = aadsr ;  transeg 0,   i_attack, i_exponent,  1,   i_duration, -i_exponent,  0
; The de-clicking envelope must have attack and release segments that damp 
; artifacts in the signal. The duration of these segments depends on 
; the behavior of the instrument, and may vary as a function of frequency.
i_declick_attack = i_attack
i_declick_release = i_declick_minimum * 2
; The end of the note must be extended _past_ the end of the release segment.
xtratim 5
a_declicking_envelope cossegr 0, i_declick_attack, 1,  i_duration, 1,  i_declick_release, 0
; The envelope of the instrument is the product of the physical envelope times 
; the declicking envelope. 
a_envelope = a_physical_envelope * a_declicking_envelope
; That envelope is then low-pass filtered to remove most discontinuities.
a_filtered_envelope tonex a_envelope, 40, 4
a_out_left = a_out_left * i_amplitude * a_filtered_envelope * k_gain 
a_out_right = a_out_right * i_amplitude * a_filtered_envelope * k_gain

outleta "outleft", a_out_left 
outleta "outright", a_out_right
prints "%-24s i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d\n", nstrstr(p1), p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1)
endin

/**
 * This is yet another attempt to adapt this beautiful sound for use in 
 * wider contexts. 
 *
 * In its original form this could not work without artifacts because of the 
 * k-rate frequency modulation of the pluck opcode.
 */
gi_Kung2_detune_cents chnexport "gk_Kung2_detune_cents", 3
gi_Kung2_detune_cents init 8
gk_Kung2_level chnexport "gk_Kung2_level", 3
gk_Kung2_level init 0
gk_Kung2_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_Kung2_midi_dynamic_range", 3
gk_Kung2_midi_dynamic_range init 30
gk_Kung2_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_Kung2_space_left_to_right", 3
gk_Kung2_space_left_to_right init .5
gi_Kung2_sine ftgen 0, 0, 65537, 10, 1
opcode Kung2_, aa, 0
setksmps 1
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
; Make indefinite notes last no longer than the physical decay.
i_instrument_duration = 999999
if p3 == -1 then
i_duration = i_instrument_duration
else
i_duration = p3
endif
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_Kung2_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 ==0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_Kung2_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 21 + 51 + 7
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_Kung2_level)
ishift = gi_Kung2_detune_cents/12000
ipch = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
ioct = octmidinn(i_midi_key)
i_vibrato_frequency = (i_midi_key / 127) * 2
kvib poscil3 1/120, i_vibrato_frequency, gi_Kung2_sine
ag pluck 1, cpsoct(ioct+kvib), 1000, gi_Kung2_sine, 1
agleft pluck 1, cpsoct(ioct+ishift), 1000, gi_Kung2_sine, 1
agright pluck 1, cpsoct(ioct-ishift), 1000, gi_Kung2_sine, 1
i_physical_decay = 20
; As with most software instruments that are modeled on an impulse exciting a 
; resonator, there should be two envelopes. The "physical" envelope must have a 
; fixed decay ending at zero.
i_declick_minimum = .003
i_attack = .001 / i_frequency + i_declick_minimum
i_exponent = 3
a_physical_envelope transeg 0,   i_attack, i_exponent,  1,   i_physical_decay, -i_exponent,  0
a_declicking_envelope cossegr 0, .006, 1, i_instrument_duration, 1,  .06, 0
a_envelope = a_physical_envelope * a_declicking_envelope
a_filtered_envelope tonex a_envelope, 30, 3
xtratim 3
ag = a_declicking_envelope * ag
agleft = a_declicking_envelope * agleft
agright = a_declicking_envelope * agright
adump delayr 0.3
ad1 deltap3 0.1
ad2 deltap3 0.2
delayw ag
a_out_left = agleft + ad1
a_out_right = agright + ad2
a_filtered_declicking tonex a_declicking_envelope, 30, 4
a_out_left = a_out_left * k_gain * i_amplitude * a_filtered_declicking
a_out_right = a_out_right * k_gain * i_amplitude * a_filtered_declicking 
xout a_out_left, a_out_right
endop

instr Kung2
a_out_left, a_out_right Kung2_
outleta "outleft", a_out_left 
outleta "outright", a_out_right
prints "%-24s i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d\n", nstrstr(p1), p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1)
endin

gk_Bower_midi_dynamic_range chnexport "gk_Bower_midi_dynamic_range", 3
gk_Bower_attack chnexport "gk_Bower_attack", 3
gk_Bower_release chnexport "gk_Bower_release", 3
gk_Bower_level chnexport "gk_Bower_level", 3
gk_Bower_pressure chnexport "gk_Bower_pressure", 3
gk_Bower_space_left_to_right chnexport "gk_Bower_space_left_to_right", 3

gk_Bower_midi_dynamic_range init 20
gk_Bower_attack init .125
gk_Bower_release init .125
gk_Bower_level init 0
gk_Bower_pressure init 0.25
gk_Bower_space_left_to_right init 0.75

gi_Bower_sine ftgen 0,0,65537,10,1

instr Bower
i_instrument = p1
i_time = p2
i_duration = p3
i_midi_key = p4
i_midi_dynamic_range = i(gk_Bower_midi_dynamic_range)
i_midi_velocity = p5 * i_midi_dynamic_range / 127 + (63.5 - i_midi_dynamic_range / 2)
k_space_front_to_back = p6
if p7 == 0 then
k_space_left_to_right = gk_Bower_space_left_to_right
else
k_space_left_to_right = p7
endif
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
k_space_bottom_to_top = p8
i_phase = p9
i_frequency = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
; Adjust the following value until "overall amps" at the end of performance is about -6 dB.
i_level_correction = 66
i_normalization = ampdb(-i_level_correction) / 2
i_amplitude = ampdb(i_midi_velocity) * i_normalization
k_gain = ampdb(gk_Bower_level)
iattack = i(gk_Bower_attack)
idecay = i(gk_Bower_release)
isustain = p3
iamp = i_amplitude
xtratim iattack + idecay
kenvelope transegr 0.0, iattack / 2.0, 1.5, iamp / 2.0, iattack / 2.0, -1.5, iamp, isustain, 0.0, iamp, idecay / 2.0, 1.5, iamp / 2.0, idecay / 2.0, -1.5, 0
ihertz = cpsmidinn(i_midi_key)
kamp = kenvelope
kfreq = ihertz
kpres = 0.25
krat rspline 0.006,0.988,1,4
kvibf = 4.5
kvibamp = 0
iminfreq = i(kfreq) / 1.5
aSig wgbow kamp,kfreq,gk_Bower_pressure,krat,kvibf,kvibamp,gi_Bower_sine,iminfreq
a_signal = aSig * kenvelope * k_gain

gk_ReverbSC_feedback chnexport "gk_ReverbSC_feedback", 3
gk_ReverbSC_wet chnexport "gk_ReverbSC_wet", 3
gi_ReverbSC_delay_modulation chnexport "gi_ReverbSC_delay_modulation", 3
gk_ReverbSC_frequency_cutoff chnexport "gk_ReverbSC_frequency_cutoff", 3

gk_ReverbSC_feedback init 0.875
gk_ReverbSC_wet init 0.5
gi_ReverbSC_delay_modulation init 0.0075
gk_ReverbSC_frequency_cutoff init 15000

instr ReverbSC
gk_ReverbSC_dry = 1.0 - gk_ReverbSC_wet
aleftin init 0
arightin init 0
aleftout init 0
arightout init 0
aleftin inleta "inleft"
arightin inleta "inright"
aleftout, arightout reverbsc aleftin, arightin, gk_ReverbSC_feedback, gk_ReverbSC_frequency_cutoff, sr, gi_ReverbSC_delay_modulation
aleftoutmix = aleftin * gk_ReverbSC_dry + aleftout * gk_ReverbSC_wet
arightoutmix = arightin * gk_ReverbSC_dry + arightout * gk_ReverbSC_wet
outleta "outleft", aleftoutmix
outleta "outright", arightoutmix
prints "%-24s i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d\n", nstrstr(p1), p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1)
endin

gk_MasterOutput_level chnexport "gk_MasterOutput_level", 3 ; 0
gS_MasterOutput_filename chnexport "gS_MasterOutput_filename", 3 ; ""

gk_MasterOutput_level init 0
gS_MasterOutput_filename init ""

instr MasterOutput
aleft inleta "inleft"
aright inleta "inright"
k_gain = ampdb(gk_MasterOutput_level)
printks2 "Master gain: %f\n", k_gain
iamp init 1
aleft butterlp aleft, 18000
aright butterlp aright, 18000
outs aleft * k_gain, aright * k_gain
; We want something that will play on my phone.
i_amplitude_adjustment = ampdbfs(-3) / 32767
i_filename_length strlen gS_MasterOutput_filename
if i_filename_length > 0 then
prints sprintf("Output filename: %s\n", gS_MasterOutput_filename)
fout gS_MasterOutput_filename, 18, aleft * i_amplitude_adjustment, aright * i_amplitude_adjustment
endif
prints "%-24s i %9.4f t %9.4f d %9.4f k %9.4f v %9.4f p %9.4f #%3d\n", nstrstr(p1), p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p7, active(p1)
endin

</CsInstruments>
<CsScore>
f 0 1000000000
</CsScore>
</CsoundSynthesizer>

; END Define Csound orchstra <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< ->

Tempo (notes/minute)		2
FilteredSines level		24
Guitar level		24
Blower level		-5
Sweeper level		-5
Reverb delay feedback		.96
Reverb highpass cutoff (Hz)		12000
Reverb delay modulation		.05
Master output level (dB)		5.928

Cloud Music No. 4

Michael Gogins October 2022

Credits

Michael Gogins
October 2022