pgmassign — Assigns an instrument number to a specified MIDI program.
Assigns an instrument number to a specified (or all) MIDI program(s).
By default, the instrument is the same as the program number. If the selected instrument is zero or negative or does not exist, the program change is ignored. This opcode is normally used in the orchestra header. Although, like massign, it also works in instruments.
ipgm -- MIDI program number (1 to 128). A value of zero selects all programs.
inst -- instrument number. If set to zero, or negative, MIDI program changes to ipgm are ignored. Currently, assignment to an instrument that does not exist has the same effect. This may be changed in a later release to print an error message.
“insname” -- A string (in double-quotes) representing a named instrument.
“ichn” (optional, defaults to zero) -- channel number. If zero, program changes are assigned on all channels.
You can disable the turning on of any instruments by using the following in the header:
massign 0, 0
pgmassign 0, 0
Here is an example of the pgmassign opcode. Play pgmassign.csd
Example 751. Example of the pgmassign opcode.
See the sections Real-time Audio and Command Line Flags for more information on using command line flags.
<CsoundSynthesizer> <CsOptions> ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform ; Audio out Audio in No messages MIDI in -odac -iadc -d -M0 ;;;RT audio I/O with MIDI in ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below: ; -o pgmassign.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform </CsOptions> <CsInstruments> ; Initialize the global variables. sr = 44100 kr = 4410 ksmps = 10 nchnls = 1 ; Program 55 (synth vox) uses Instrument #10. pgmassign 55, 10 ; Instrument #10. instr 10 ; Just an example, no working code in here! endin </CsInstruments> <CsScore> ; Play Instrument #10 for one second. i 10 0 1 e </CsScore> </CsoundSynthesizer>
Here is an example of the pgmassign opcode that will ignore program change events. Play pgmassign_ignore.csd
Example 752. Example of the pgmassign opcode that will ignore program change events.
<CsoundSynthesizer> <CsOptions> ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform ; Audio out Audio in No messages MIDI in -odac -iadc -d -M0 ;;;RT audio I/O with MIDI in ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below: ; -o pgmassign_ignore.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform </CsOptions> <CsInstruments> ; Initialize the global variables. sr = 44100 kr = 4410 ksmps = 10 nchnls = 1 ; Ignore all program change events. pgmassign 0, -1 ; Instrument #1. instr 1 ; Just an example, no working code in here! endin </CsInstruments> <CsScore> ; Play Instrument #1 for one second. i 1 0 1 e </CsScore> </CsoundSynthesizer>
Here is an advanced example of the pgmassign opcode. Play pgmassign_advanced.csd
Do not forget that you must include the -F flag when using an external MIDI file like “pgmassign_advanced.mid”.
Example 753. An advanced example of the pgmassign opcode.
<CsoundSynthesizer> <CsOptions> ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform -odac -F pgmassign_advanced.mid ;;;realtime audio out with midifile in ;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if real audio input is needed too ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below: ; -o pgmassign_advanced.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform </CsOptions> <CsInstruments> sr = 44100 ksmps = 32 nchnls = 2 0dbfs = 1 massign 1, 1 ; channels 1 to 4 use instr 1 by default massign 2, 1 massign 3, 1 massign 4, 1 ; pgmassign_advanced.mid can be found in /manual/examples ; pgmassign.mid has 4 notes with these parameters: ; ; Start time Channel Program ; ; note 1 0.5 1 10 ; note 2 1.5 2 11 ; note 3 2.5 3 12 ; note 4 3.5 4 13 pgmassign 0, 0 ; disable program changes pgmassign 11, 3 ; program 11 uses instr 3 pgmassign 12, 2 ; program 12 uses instr 2 ; waveforms for instruments itmp ftgen 1, 0, 1024, 10, 1 itmp ftgen 2, 0, 1024, 10, 1, 0.5, 0.3333, 0.25, 0.2, 0.1667, 0.1429, 0.125 itmp ftgen 3, 0, 1024, 10, 1, 0, 0.3333, 0, 0.2, 0, 0.1429, 0, 0.10101 instr 1 /* sine */ kcps cpsmidib 2 ; note frequency asnd oscili .6, kcps, 1 outs asnd, asnd endin instr 2 /* band-limited sawtooth */ kcps cpsmidib 2 ; note frequency asnd oscili .6, kcps, 2 outs asnd, asnd endin instr 3 /* band-limited square */ kcps cpsmidib 2 ; note frequency asnd oscili .6, kcps, 3 outs asnd, asnd endin </CsInstruments> <CsScore> t 0 120 f 0 8.5 2 -2 0 e </CsScore> </CsoundSynthesizer>