Description

This opcode positions the input sound in a 3D space, with optional simulation of room acoustics, in various output formats. spat3dt can be used to render the impulse response at i-time, storing output in a function table, suitable for convolution.

Syntax

spat3dt ioutft, iX, iY, iZ, idist, ift, imode, irlen [, iftnocl]

Initialization

ioutft -- Output ftable number for spat3dt. W, X, Y, and Z outputs are written interleaved to this table. If the table is too short, output will be truncated.

iX -- Sound source X coordinate in meters (positive: right, negative: left)

iY -- Sound source Y coordinate in meters (positive: front, negative: back)

iZ -- Sound source Z coordinate in meters (positive: up, negative: down)

idist -- For modes 0 to 3, idist is the unit circle distance in meters. For mode 4, idist is the distance between microphones.

The following formulas describe amplitude and delay as a function of sound source distance from microphone(s):

Distance can be calculated as:

In Mode 4, distance can be calculated as:

With spat3d the distance between the sound source and any microphone should be at least (340 * 18) / sr meters. Shorter distances will work, but may produce artifacts in some cases. There is no such limitation for spat3di and spat3dt.

Sudden changes or discontinuities in sound source location can result in pops or clicks. Very fast movement may also degrade quality.

ift -- Function table storing room parameters (for free field spatialization, set it to zero or negative). Table size is 54. The values in the table are:

imode -- Output mode

Mode 0 is the cheapest to calculate, while mode 4 is the most expensive.

In Mode 4, The optional lowpass filters can change the frequency response depending on direction. For example, if the sound source is located left to the listener then the high frequencies are attenuated in the right channel and slightly increased in the left. This effect can be disabled by not using filters. You can also experiment with other filters (tone etc.) for better effect.

Note that mode 4 is most useful for listening with headphones, and is also more expensive to calculate than the B-format (0 to 3) modes. The idist parameter in this case sets the distance between left and right microphone; for headphones, values between 0.2 - 0.25 are recommended, although higher settings up to 0.4 may be used for wide stereo effects.

More information about B format can be found here: http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/mustech/3d_audio/ambis2.htm

irlen -- Impulse response length of echoes (in seconds). Depending on filter parameters, values around 0.005-0.01 are suitable for most uses (higher values result in more accurate output, but slower rendering)

iftnocl (optional, default=0) -- Do not clear output ftable (mix to existing data) if set to 1, clear table before writing if set to 0 (default: 0).

Examples

Here is an example of the spat3dt opcode. Play spat3dt.csd

<CsoundSynthesizer> 
<CsOptions>
; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
-odac     ;;;realtime audio out
;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too
; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
; -o spat3dt.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments> 

sr = 44100
ksmps = 32  
nchnls = 2
0dbfs  = 1

garvb   init 0 
gaW     init 0 
gaX     init 0 
gaY     init 0 

itmp ftgen 1, 0, 64, -2, 2, 40, -1, -1, -1, 123,          \ 
           1, 13.000, 0.05, 0.85, 20000.0, 0.0, 0.50, 2,   \ 
           1,  2.000, 0.05, 0.85, 20000.0, 0.0, 0.25, 2,   \ 
           1, 16.000, 0.05, 0.85, 20000.0, 0.0, 0.35, 2,   \ 
           1,  9.000, 0.05, 0.85, 20000.0, 0.0, 0.35, 2,   \ 
           1, 12.000, 0.05, 0.85, 20000.0, 0.0, 0.35, 2,   \ 
           1,  8.000, 0.05, 0.85, 20000.0, 0.0, 0.35, 2 

itmp ftgen 2, 0, 262144, -2, 0 
     spat3dt 2, -0.2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0.005 

itmp ftgen 3, 0, 262144, -52, 3, 2, 0, 4, 2, 1, 4, 2, 2, 4 

instr 1 

a1   vco2 1, 440, 10 
kfrq port 100, 0.008, 20000 
a1   butterlp a1, kfrq 
a2   linseg 0, 0.003, 1, 0.01, 0.7, 0.005, 0, 1, 0 
a1   =  a1 * a2 * 2 
     denorm a1 
     vincr garvb, a1 
aw, ax, ay, az spat3di a1, p4, p5, p6, 1, 1, 2 
     vincr gaW, aw 
     vincr gaX, ax 
     vincr gaY, ay 

endin 

instr 2 

denorm garvb 
; skip as many samples as possible without truncating the IR 
arW, arX, arY ftconv garvb, 3, 2048, 2048, (65536 - 2048) 
aW     =  gaW + arW 
aX     =  gaX + arX 
aY     =  gaY + arY 
garvb  =  0 
gaW    =  0 
gaX    =  0 
gaY    =  0 

aWre, aWim hilbert aW 
aXre, aXim hilbert aX 
aYre, aYim hilbert aY 
aWXr    =  0.0928*aXre + 0.4699*aWre 
aWXiYr  =  0.2550*aXim - 0.1710*aWim + 0.3277*aYre 
aL      =  aWXr + aWXiYr 
aR      =  aWXr - aWXiYr 
        outs aL, aR 

endin 

</CsInstruments> 
<CsScore> 

i 1 0 0.5  0.0  2.0 -0.8 
i 1 1 0.5  1.4  1.4 -0.6 
i 1 2 0.5  2.0  0.0 -0.4 
i 1 3 0.5  1.4 -1.4 -0.2 
i 1 4 0.5  0.0 -2.0  0.0 
i 1 5 0.5 -1.4 -1.4  0.2 
i 1 6 0.5 -2.0  0.0  0.4 
i 1 7 0.5 -1.4  1.4  0.6 
i 1 8 0.5  0.0  2.0  0.8 
i 2 0 10 
e 

</CsScore> 
</CsoundSynthesizer> 

See Also

spat3d, spat3di

Credits

New in version 4.12

Updated April 2002 by Istvan Varga